Image Credits
The authors would like to recognize the following photographers and illustrators for sharing their work via Creative Commons licenses. Click on any image in this book to return to this page to view its attribution, which will appear at the top of the page. None of the licensors listed below endorses this textbook or the usage of their image. No changes were made to the image unless indicated by the attribution.
Cover image designed by NIC student Megan Hudlet
Part I: The Basics
Illustration by geralt via Pixabay
What is Communication?
Published on LIFE, G Bernard Shaw 2, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Defining Communication
Franz Marc creator QS:P170,Q44054 , Marc zwei-frauen-am-berg, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Why Study Communication?
Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, Cynthia Dwork Public Lecture (32247092978), CC BY 2.0
Writing
EU X, Lascaux painting, CC BY-SA 3.0
anonymous, Making Paper 3, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Jacques-Louis David artist QS:P170,Q83155, The Death of Socrates MET DT40, CC0 1.0
The Printing Press
Gr.Diana, Gr.diana Johannes Gutenberg, CC BY-SA 4.0
Industrial/Electrochemical Revolution
Philip James de Loutherbourg creator QS:P170,Q1970087 , Philipp Jakob Loutherbourg d. J. 002, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
The Information Age
“Purism team”, Librem5 phone convergence – screen keyboard mouse, CC BY-SA 4.0
Illustration by WebTechExperts via Pixabay
The Future of Communication
Isabel.santiago.photo, Adolfo Mesquita Nunes 07, CC BY-SA 4.0
Basic Communication Theory
Phlsph7, Common components of models of communication, CC BY-SA 4.0
Advanced Communication Theory
anonymous, George Herbert Mead, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Kurtkaiser, Dinner table side pine wood large table front, CC0 1.0
Types of Communication
Photograph by DanaTentis via Pixabay
Photograph by sasint via Pixabay
Photograph by dcondrey via Pixabay
PopTech, Neri Oxman – Pop!Tech 2009 – Camden, ME, CC BY-SA 2.0
Photo Illustration by geralt via Pixabay
Types of Public Speaking
Greenwood High School, Teacher at Greenwood giving speech, CC BY-SA 4.0
naacpphotos, Hi-Res NAACP DSC09057ACR (15313950261), CC BY 2.0
The Secret to Success in Public Speaking
Or Kaplan, Roie Galitz Speaking 01, CC BY-SA 4.0
State Chancellery of Latvia institution QS:P195,Q7603104, Ēnu diena Ministru kabinetā (6880012361), CC BY-SA 2.0
Photograph by klimkin via Pixabay
Chapter 1 Summary
The Official CTBTO Photostream, CTBTO SnT Conference (35400233922), CC BY 2.0
The Dread of the Podium
Raph_PH, SeinfeldEventimLate120719-4, CC BY 2.0
Photograph by LukaszWyrwik via Pixabay
Photograph by andreas_danang_a via Pixabay
Acknowledging Fear
mattbuck (category), University Park MMB «Z1 Students’ Union Elections 2013 Results Night, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photograph by Kuviyam via Pixabay
Talk About What You Love
Photograph by FuSuSu via Pixabay
Practice, Practice, Practice
Sandro Halank, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0, 2020-01-11 Ice Dance Rhythm Dance (2020 Winter Youth Olympics) by Sandro Halank–0220, CC BY-SA 4.0
Positive Visualization
Unknown author, Ford 1921, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Ira Rosenberg, Muhammad Ali NYWTS, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Steve Lipofsky Basketballphoto.com, Jordan Lipofsky, CC BY-SA 3.0
Noemi Nuñez, Jim-Carrey-2008 (cropped), CC BY-SA 2.0
Mindful Awareness and Authenticity
Photo illustration by Ri_Ya via Pixabay
Plan Out the Details
Matt Brown, Speech Room lectern, CC BY 2.0
Anxiety Peaks
Photo illustration by TheDigitalArtist via Pixabay
Controlling Physical Activity
Korey Howell David Sheffield, Sylvia Acevedo public speaking, CC BY-SA 4.0
Nervous Symptoms Are Unseen
Photograph by Larsgustav via Pixabay
Chapter 2 Summary
Photo Illustration by TheDigitalArtist via Pixabay
Topic Selection and Purpose
Copyright 1953, Pan American Coffee Bureau, Edward R. Murrow 1953, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Terry Ballard from Merrick, New York, USA, J. Courtney Sullivan speaking at East Meadow Public (43477754264), CC BY 2.0
General Speaking Purpose
Avishek-018, Avishek Das at CLBLP 2023, CC BY-SA 4.0
Photograph by ohalek00 via Pixabay
Topic Selection and Refinement
Photograph by StartupStockPhotos via Pixabay
Topic Considerations
Illustration by athree23 via Pixabay
Specific Purpose
Photo illustration by geralt via Pixabay
Central Idea
Photograph by andrewlloydgordon via Pixabay
Norman Giry, PORTRAIT JEAN SULPICE, CC BY-SA 4.0
Titling the Speech
Photograph by Katzenfee50 via Pixabay
Chapter 3 Summary
Photograph by danymena88 via Pixabay
Part II: Speaking to Inform
Columbia GSAPP, Canopy Gathering Space (Kazuyo Sejima) (15137244987), CC BY 2.0
Analyzing the Audience
Pickwick, Chuck Berry (1958), marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Collecting Audience Data
Governor Tom Wolf, First Lady Frances Wolf Gives Remarks at the Pennsylvania Breast Cancer Coalition Pink Fountain Event, CC BY 2.0
Jared Piper/PHLCouncil, Stated Meeting of Philadelphia City Council 3-14-2019, CC BY-NC 2.0
Photograph by RAEng_Publications via Pixabay
Survey Research
Piryelgamer, Persona enquestant a una noia., CC BY-SA 4.0
Women’s eNews, Form Filing, CC BY 2.0
Photograph by delphinmedia via Pixabay
Photograph by BiljaST via Pixabay
Photograph by andibreit via Pixabay
Designing Questions
Photo illustration by Tumisu via Pixabay
Maintaining Surprise
Thad Zajdowicz, Water Bottles Image, CC0 1.0
Mallory Paige, Outdoor Camping, CC BY-SA 4.0
Chapter 4 Summary
Aditya Pal , Questionnaire survey with farmers of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, CC BY-SA 4.0
Gathering Information
FOTO:FORTEPAN / Semmelweis Egyetem Levéltára, Szent-Györgyi Albert, Nobel-díjas és Kossuth-díjas orvos, biokémikus. Fortepan 74535, CC BY-SA 3.0
Where to Look
Photograph by ElasticComputerFarm via Pixabay
Dr. Phil, Prince Avenue Mascot, CC BY-SA 4.0
Internet Sources
Alexander Gardner artist QS:P170,Q661176 Moses Parker Rice (1839-1925), possibly one of Gardner’s former assistants, copyrighted this portrait in the late nineteenth century, along with other photographs by Gardner., Abraham Lincoln O-77 matte collodion print, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Photograph by StartupStockPhotos via Pixabay
Photograph by KlausHausmann via Pixabay
Modified Photograph by KlausHausmann via Pixabay
Joi Ito from Cambridge, MA, USA, Justin Hall (12371470735), CC BY 2.0
Using Research in a Speech
Petty Officer 2nd Class Cameron Edy, 230203-N-DK722-1003 – Obangame Express 2023 Closing Ceremony, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Thinking Critically About Information
Photo illustration by geralt via Pixabay
Using Outside Information Ethically
RyanMinkoff, Plagiarism signature, CC0 1.0
Chapter 5 Summary
Photograph by StockSnap via Pixabay
Additional Resources
Photograph by libellule789 via Pixabay
Organizing the Idea
Gage Skidmore from Peoria, AZ, United States of America, Adam Savage (47956183282), CC BY-SA 2.0
Public Domain photograph via ph, CC0 1.0
Photograph by peterhav via Pixabay
The Purpose of the Introduction
Photograph by Ramdlon via Pixabay
Creating the Introduction, Step 1: Grab Attention
Hannah Barnett, Reading…, CC BY 2.0
Photograph by MariSmithPix via Pixabay
Valerio Bozzolan, Luca Pozzi – presenting Rosetta Mission 2022, Blender, Mozilla Hubs, contemprary art 002 – Linux Day Milano 2022, CC0 1.0
Creating the Introduction, Step 2: Relate to the Audience
Photograph by FaviconLtd via Pixabay
Creating the Introduction, Step 3: Relate to Self (Establish Credibility)
olivier gobet (Gd6d) from France, CSS Grid Changes Everything (About Web Layouts) Morten Rand-Hendriksen (35013588400), CC BY 2.0
Creating the Introduction, Step 4: The Core of the Speech
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from Washington D.C, United States, 190330-D-SW162-1698 (46587642895), marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Photograph by Pexels via Pixabay
Photograph by user1476758133 via Pixabay
Composing the Body of the Speech
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Sacramento District, Corps engineers showcase federal jobs to students at Career Fair (6312589818), marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Photograph by borevina via Pixabay
Emilio J. Rodríguez Posada creator QS:P170,Q30564104 , Inauguración del Memorial Republicano 15 de marzo de 2019 (46662970964), CC BY-SA 2.0
Photograph by YouYouHD4 via Pixabay
Photograph by angelladagenhart0 via Pixabay
Transitions
Policy Exchange, Michelle Rhee at Policy Exchange – 2012 (7447791758), CC BY 2.0
Wildrun, Budi Gunawan giving public lecture at ITB, CC BY-SA 4.0
Signal the End
Michael Nagy/Presse- und Informationsamt München, Dr. Hanna Sammüller-Gradl, Speech 2022, CC BY-SA 4.0
Concluding the Speech
Photograph by triggonometry via Pixabay
Photograph by coacheadksu via Pixabay
Photograph by mufidpwt via Pixabay
Important Guidelines for Conclusions
Biswarup Ganguly, Ganga Singh Rautela Delivers Speech – Opening Ceremony – Exhibition Light Matters – BITM – Kolkata 2015-12-23 7124, CC BY 3.0
Chapter 6 Summary
Nyamsinc, Academic Writing Company, CC BY-SA 4.0
Using Language to Frame the Message
unattributed, Mark Twain seated c1900s, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
United States Government., Fdr delivers speech, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division, Attack on Pearl Harbor, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Know What to Avoid
Photograph by anaterate via Pixabay
Varied Meanings
American Lotus, Black rat snake, CC BY-SA 4.0
Charles Edward Miller from Chicago, United States, Car Crash 7-1-18 2245 (42450608354), CC BY-SA 2.0
Clarity
anonymous, To be or not to be (Q1), marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Photograph by TemperateSage via Pixabay
Kennedy Space Center, Challenger explosion, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Leah Mark, Roseanne Barr in 2010, CC BY-SA 2.0
HWUANGIAO Maeomn, HK 佐敦 Jordan 彌敦道 219 Nathan Road 莊士倫敦廣場 Chuang’s Jordan Plaza shop 新新酒樓 Sun Sun Restaurant 汽水 罐裝 soft drink cans December 2021 SS2 02, CC BY-SA 4.0
Vivid Language
Mikamote, Mos def-11-mika, CC BY-SA 3.0
Rhetorical Devices
NARA, Martin Luther King, Jr. speech, CC0 1.0
Chapter 7 Summary
University of the Fraser Valley, UNIVERSITY OF THE FRASER VALLEY PHOTOGRAPHY (13633712724), CC BY 2.0
Practice, Preparation, and Delivery Techniques
Tajul Islam Apurbo, Jim rohn, CC BY-SA 4.0
Why Practice?
Photograph by RobinHiggins via Pixabay
Getting Started
Photograph by DariuszSankowski via Pixabay
Starting Tips for Practice
Public Domain photograph via ph, CCO 1.0
Practice Session #1
Photograph by Bru-n0 via Pixabay
Practice Session #2
Photograph by AnnasPhotography via Pixabay
Practice Session #3
Photograph by MiRUTH_de via Pixabay
Planning the Delivery
delegateconnectimages, Speaking To An Empty Audience – Public Speaking, CC BY 2.0
Photograph by marcusappelt via Pixabay
Or Kaplan, Roie Galitz Speaking 09, CC BY-SA 4.0
Vocal Quality
Photograph by quimuns via Pixabay
Photograph by HugoAtaide via Pixabay
Advanced Delivery Tips
Rowland Scherman creator QS:P170,Q7372186, Martin Luther King – March on Washington, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Illustration by stux via Pixabay
More Advanced Delivery Tips
Professor Martin Trentin, RMS – July 2013 – Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil – At the UPF, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ed Mays, Peggy Orenstein on Boys and Sex, CC BY 3.0
Question and Answer Period
U.S. Department of State, Audience Member Asks a Question at the U.S.-German Futures Forum Moderated Discussion in Germany, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Chapter 8 Summary
Arthur Rothstein creator QS:P170,Q711226, George Washington Carver-crop, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Listening Skills and Critical Evaluation
Theodoor Galle creator QS:P170,Q178329, Epictetus from L. Annaei Senecae philosophi Opera, 1605, title page detail, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Hearing vs. Listening
George Edward Robertson b. 1864, Marc Antony’s Oration at Caesar’s Funeral by George Edward Robertson, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Preparing to Listen
Pete Souza creator QS:P170,Q2073333, Audience members listen to the President Obama’s speech on India and America at the Siri Fort Auditorium, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Strategies for Listening Well
George Serdechny, A lecture at the ITM, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Photograph by difisher via Pixabay
Acting as a Respectful Listener
anonymous, Golden rule sign – DPLA – dc36bf3cafa422023a790c77caebc235, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Photograph by terimakasih0 via Pixabay
Elizabeth Warren, New Years Eve Speech Boston, MA – 49649420251, CC BY 2.0
Peer Evaluations
Photograph by annazuc via Pixabay
Chapter 9 Summary
Rashid Aghamaliyev, Animafilm’s audience 2019, CC BY-SA 4.0
Completing In-Class Peer Evaluations
Tulane Public Relations, Student in Class (3618969705), CC BY 2.0
Designing and Using Effective Visual Aids
Stage Publishing Company, Inc., no photographer credited, Too-Much-Johnson-Welles-5, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Types of Visual Aids
Victuallers, Children’s Hearing presentation at Rotary meeting in Scotland 2021, CC BY-SA 4.0
Ncharamut, UNC QEP Expo Presentation, CC BY-SA 4.0
Photograph by JulieMc44 via Pixabay
Stefan Müller (climate stuff) from Germany, Melissa Ingaruca Moreno climate researcher, currently guest at TU Berlin (50213127296), CC BY 2.0
Aflafla1, Maine Electricity Generation Sources Pie Chart, CC0 1.0
CoffeeWithMarkets, U.S. Households By Total Yearly Income (Line Graph), CC0 1.0
RCraig09, 20210827 Global surface temperature bar chart – bars color-coded by El Niño and La Niña intensity, CC BY-SA 4.0
Photograph by Kollinger via Pixabay
PowerPoint/Prezi
Mozel W., Snjezana Kordic keynote presentation Hokkaido University, CC BY-SA 4.0
Valerio Bozzolan, Maja Massarini presenting Packit and project integration in Fedora 005 – Linux Day 2022 in Milano, CC0 1.0
When/Where to Use Visual Aids
Farajiibrahim, Réunion Wikimedia Maroc ph1 – Stratégie 2030, CC BY-SA 4.0
Plan Everything
sanjorgepinho, WikiCon Portugal 2020 – 04, CC BY-SA 4.0
Chapter 10 Summary
Jaccris, EllieSeal, CC BY-SA 4.0
Part III: Speaking to Persuade
Creator:James Pan, Jill Biden visits Argentina, June 2016 04, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Persuasion Theories
Clinton Library, Angelou at Clinton inauguration, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Specific Purpose and Persuasion
fabola, Youth Climate Strike- North Bay – 46482421715, CC BY-SA 2.0
Persuasive Strategy
Photograph by blueMix via Pixabay
Rhetorical Triangle
ChloeGui, Rhetorical Triangle, CC BY-SA 4.0
Ethos
Jami (Wiki Ed), American Society of Plant Biologists annual meeting 2017 9, CC BY-SA 4.0
Web Summit, 2022 – Planet-tech BE6 7921 (52476293881), CC BY 2.0
Pathos
Zarik Boghossian, Mike Michalowicz Keynote Speaker & Author, CC BY-SA 4.0
Laadi, Sumita Prabhakar at Breast Cancer Awareness Program 2017, CC BY-SA 4.0
Logos
astro_matt, Public Speaking (34092554626), CC BY-SA 2.0
Photograph by PublicDomainPictures via Pixabay
Photograph by RyanMcGuire via Pixabay
Addressing Objections
Mark Beatty, 20190117 ATL Coffee&Byte MDickison 003, CC BY 4.0
Smallbones, Illiterate Dinos, CC0 1.0
Blending Ethos-Pathos-Logos Together
U.S. Department of Agriculture Preston Keres/Office of Communications-Photography Services Center, 20170605-OSEC-PJK-0130 (34270791134), marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Communication-Specific Persuasion Theories
Andisrado, OSCAL2019 Presentation 71, CC BY-SA 4.0
U3100080, Elaboration Likelihood Model, CC BY-SA 4.0
Chapter 11 Summary
SamRichter, Sam-richter-motivational-sales-keynote-speaker, CC BY-SA 4.0
Motivating Others to Act
State Library and Archives of Florida, Dwight Eisenhower landing a grouper (8056378483), marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Planning the Topic
Ayorinde Ogundele, Planning Ahead, CC BY-SA 4.0
Intel Free Press, Texting while Driving (March 28, 2013), CC BY-SA 2.0
Damnsoft 09 at English Wikipedia, Head On Collision, CC BY 3.0
Photograph by StockSnap via Pixabay
Photograph by jan3933 via Pixabay
Ed Poor, Hand held phone in car, CC BY-SA 3.0
Photograph by reynaldodallin via Pixabay
Kchorst, Bus Driver in Kigali Rwanda, CC BY-SA 4.0
Daniel Boothe, U.S. Marine Corps, Two-car collision in the USA, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Gain Attention
DFID – UK Department for International Development, Hilde Salvesen delivers her speech (10839969336), CC BY 2.0
Satisfaction Step
Valerie Hinojosa from Washington DC, USA, Rapt speech-listening audience (3004135943), CC BY-SA 2.0
Photograph by RazorMax via Pixabay
Visualization Step
ALBERT ALCAIN/PPD, President Rodrigo Duterte gestures during his speech at Camp Tecson, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons
Call to Action
Yigitcanenginsenturk, Yigitcanenginsenturk, CC BY-SA 4.0
Chapter 12 Summary
Frypie, Librarian presents 0938, CC BY-SA 4.0
Appendix H
Photograph by StockSnap via Pixabay
The Communication Department would like to recognize and thank all the NIC Graphic Design students who have provided the cover image for all digital and print editions of this textbook.
